Algonquin Provincial Park

Description

The area, which lies across the southern edge of the Canadian shield between Georgian Bay and the Ottawa River, consists mainly of Precambrian granites, smoothed and gouged by ice sheets that receded 10,000 years ago. The rolling topography is dissected by numerous rivers and some 2,500 lakes, which provide boat access to the interior.

Natural History

Poor soils, a harsh climate and fires have produced a varied and changing second-growth forest, including pine, fir, birch and poplar. The park is famous for its wolves, and other species (e.g. deer, moose, bear, raccoon ) are common. About 240 bird species have been recorded, including the gray jay, spruce grouse, brown thrasher, scarlet tanager and loon. The cold, deep, nutrient-poor lakes are especially suited to trout and small-mouthed bass. Pike, muskellunge and walleye are also found.

Human History and Logging

Extensive logging, especially for white pine, began in the 19th century; today over 70% of the park is still subject to industrial logging. Recently, land use pressures and park planning have led to considerable public debate regarding the appropriate use and designation of the park.

Much ecological research has occurred in Algonquin. Additionally, an astronomical observatory situated in the park was closed in 1987.

Present Day

Facilities include multiple lodges (e.g. Killarney Lodge), eight campgrounds, several scenic drives, 14 interpretive trails and 1,500 km of lake and river canoe routes. A visitor centre complete with a bookstore, museum and restaurant was opened in 1993 to celebrate Algonquin's centennial. Algonquin Provincial Park also has a logging museum and an art centre.

Algonquin Provincial Park is primarily accessible through Highway 60, which passes through 56 km of the park.