Ancaster Bloody Assize of 1814 | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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Ancaster Bloody Assize of 1814

Article by James H. Marsh

Published Online October 18, 2011

Last Edited March 4, 2015

The Bloody Assize of Ancaster was a series of trials conducted after the War of 1812, in 1814, in which 19 men accused of supporting the American cause were officially charged with High Treason. The Ontario Archaeological and Historic Sites Board erected a memorial plaque in Ancaster to commemorate the trials.
The Ancaster Assizes

Although most of the inhabitants of Upper Canada either fought for the defence of their colony or remained neutral in the War of 1812, there were men in almost every part of the province who sympathized with the Americans. Some openly joined the invading American forces, while others crossed the border into the United States.

In November and December of 1813 Canadian militia surprised a group of marauders in a house near Chatham, Ontario. Among the prisoners were 15 residents of the province.

All these prisoners were sent to York to be tried in the court (assize is a historical term referring to courts that periodically administered civil and criminal law). The court opened proceedings in Ancaster on 23 May 1814. Nineteen men were officially charged with high treason. In sentences handed down 7-21 June, Jacob Overholtzer, Aaron Stevens, Garrett Neill, John Johnston, Samuel and Stephen Hartwell, Dayton Lindsey, George Peacock Jr., Isaiah Brink, Benjamin Simmons, Adam Crysler, Isaac Petit, Cornelius Howey, John Dunham, and Noah Payne Hopkins were found guilty. Dayton Lindsey, Noah Payne Hopkins, John Dunham, Aaron Stevens, Benjamin Simmons, George Peacock Jr., Isaiah Brink and Adam Crysler were executed by hanging on 20 July 1814 at Burlington Heights.